Mapping St. Louis County

In this example, we show how to work with shapefile data within R. We obtain a shapefile of municipal boundaries from http://data.stlouisco.com/. (In particular, we are using this file: <>.)

library("rgdal") #load R interface to the Geospatial Abstraction Library (GDAL)
## Loading required package: sp
## rgdal: version: 1.2-5, (SVN revision 648)
##  Geospatial Data Abstraction Library extensions to R successfully loaded
##  Loaded GDAL runtime: GDAL 2.0.1, released 2015/09/15
##  Path to GDAL shared files: C:/Users/cindytraub/Documents/R/win-library/3.3/rgdal/gdal
##  Loaded PROJ.4 runtime: Rel. 4.9.2, 08 September 2015, [PJ_VERSION: 492]
##  Path to PROJ.4 shared files: C:/Users/cindytraub/Documents/R/win-library/3.3/rgdal/proj
##  Linking to sp version: 1.2-4
library("rgeos")
## rgeos version: 0.3-22, (SVN revision 544)
##  GEOS runtime version: 3.5.0-CAPI-1.9.0 r4084 
##  Linking to sp version: 1.2-4 
##  Polygon checking: TRUE
### NOTE: ###
## Shapefile path is sensitive to trailing slash - needed on Mac, not on PC

# myShapefilePath<- "/Users/CTatWUSTL/Box Sync/CT_presentations/MeetupSpatialR/shapefiles/Municipal_Boundaries/" 
myShapefilePath<- "C:/Users/cindytraub/Box Sync/CT_presentations/MeetupSpatialR/shapefiles/Municipal_Boundaries" 

setwd(myShapefilePath)
dir() # should see MunicipalBoundaries (5 files)
## [1] "Municipal_Boundaries.cpg" "Municipal_Boundaries.dbf"
## [3] "Municipal_Boundaries.prj" "Municipal_Boundaries.shp"
## [5] "Municipal_Boundaries.shx"
stlco<-readOGR(dsn = myShapefilePath,layer = "Municipal_Boundaries") #read in shapefile
## OGR data source with driver: ESRI Shapefile 
## Source: "C:/Users/cindytraub/Box Sync/CT_presentations/MeetupSpatialR/shapefiles/Municipal_Boundaries", layer: "Municipal_Boundaries"
## with 126 features
## It has 7 fields
## Integer64 fields read as strings:  OBJECTID
### dsn is directory where data is stored 
### layer specifies the file name
### no need for file extension like .shp

Examining what types of data are in the shapefile

The traditional “shape of your data” commands give some inkling to what things look like. One difference from working with simple data frames is the use of the “@” sign to access different slots in the SpatialPolygonsDataFrame. The "@data" slot stores a data frame associated with attribute data.

summary(stlco)
## Object of class SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
## Coordinates:
##         min       max
## x -90.73621 -90.11769
## y  38.38781  38.89175
## Is projected: FALSE 
## proj4string :
## [+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0]
## Data attributes:
##     OBJECTID                     MUNICIPALI      MUNI       MUNICODE 
##  1      :  1   UNINCORPORATED         :36   UNI    :36   000    :36  
##  10     :  1   BALLWIN                : 1   BAL    : 1   002    : 1  
##  100    :  1   BEL-NOR                : 1   BEV    : 1   003    : 1  
##  101    :  1   BEL-RIDGE              : 1   BFN    : 1   004    : 1  
##  102    :  1   BELLA VILLA            : 1   BKJ    : 1   005    : 1  
##  103    :  1   BELLEFONTAINE NEIGHBORS: 1   BLN    : 1   007    : 1  
##  (Other):120   (Other)                :85   (Other):85   (Other):85  
##     SQ_MILES                           last_edite
##  Min.   : 0.00026   2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z:62  
##  1st Qu.: 0.11979   2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z:32  
##  Median : 0.62695   2015-11-10T14:18:34.000Z: 1  
##  Mean   : 4.15746   2015-11-10T14:18:52.000Z: 1  
##  3rd Qu.: 2.86980   2015-11-18T17:58:47.000Z: 1  
##  Max.   :93.11465   2015-12-15T15:05:30.000Z: 1  
##                     (Other)                 :28  
##                                    GlobalID  
##  {044E6A3D-9FE8-4A71-9ADA-B4DDFDC6D0E5}:  1  
##  {048E191C-37F2-499E-9959-F55987F1E60B}:  1  
##  {04C057E6-BB0F-4A6D-B251-F9BCE363EE77}:  1  
##  {0C8F2EED-43D3-4E1C-8451-01EB32CF36A4}:  1  
##  {0CD7A2FA-44D9-4DDE-BB35-9976DB4B3E1C}:  1  
##  {0D8F1E11-9EAD-4335-B13E-F3B6ACD8ED0F}:  1  
##  (Other)                               :120
dim(stlco)
## [1] 126   7
summary(stlco@data)
##     OBJECTID                     MUNICIPALI      MUNI       MUNICODE 
##  1      :  1   UNINCORPORATED         :36   UNI    :36   000    :36  
##  10     :  1   BALLWIN                : 1   BAL    : 1   002    : 1  
##  100    :  1   BEL-NOR                : 1   BEV    : 1   003    : 1  
##  101    :  1   BEL-RIDGE              : 1   BFN    : 1   004    : 1  
##  102    :  1   BELLA VILLA            : 1   BKJ    : 1   005    : 1  
##  103    :  1   BELLEFONTAINE NEIGHBORS: 1   BLN    : 1   007    : 1  
##  (Other):120   (Other)                :85   (Other):85   (Other):85  
##     SQ_MILES                           last_edite
##  Min.   : 0.00026   2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z:62  
##  1st Qu.: 0.11979   2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z:32  
##  Median : 0.62695   2015-11-10T14:18:34.000Z: 1  
##  Mean   : 4.15746   2015-11-10T14:18:52.000Z: 1  
##  3rd Qu.: 2.86980   2015-11-18T17:58:47.000Z: 1  
##  Max.   :93.11465   2015-12-15T15:05:30.000Z: 1  
##                     (Other)                 :28  
##                                    GlobalID  
##  {044E6A3D-9FE8-4A71-9ADA-B4DDFDC6D0E5}:  1  
##  {048E191C-37F2-499E-9959-F55987F1E60B}:  1  
##  {04C057E6-BB0F-4A6D-B251-F9BCE363EE77}:  1  
##  {0C8F2EED-43D3-4E1C-8451-01EB32CF36A4}:  1  
##  {0CD7A2FA-44D9-4DDE-BB35-9976DB4B3E1C}:  1  
##  {0D8F1E11-9EAD-4335-B13E-F3B6ACD8ED0F}:  1  
##  (Other)                               :120
stlco@data$MUNI
##   [1] BRK UNI CAL HAZ FEN EUR UNI MAN UNI UNI BLR UNI CLY STJ UNI KIN GLN
##  [18] EDM UNI OAK SUN BLN WEB NWC NOR MOL BRH WAR LAD WOD PAC UNI CMP RIV
##  [35] UNI DEL BFN UNI BKJ GRN UNI WIL UNI MAC WIN RKH UNI MPL CLP HUN CLA
##  [52] BRW RMH FRT OLV UNI VIT WEL HLD HLH UPL VEH VIP BEV PIN UNI UNI VEL
##  [69] UNI UNI UNI UNI BRV UNI UNI UNI UNI GPK LAK BLV GWV TWO UNI UNI UNI
##  [86] GEP UNI UNI NTH UNI PAH PAP UNI UNI UCT PGD CCH CHF SYC CHA OVR COV
## [103] FER FLH JEN KRW MRB SHR CLK CRE STA UNI DES UNI TAC WES CCR MRH BRG
## [120] ELV BAL WWD FLO UNI VAL UNI
## 91 Levels: BAL BEV BFN BKJ BLN BLR BLV BRG BRH BRK BRV BRW CAL CCH ... WWD
head(stlco@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]]@coords)  ### look at first few coordinates of 1st polygon
##           [,1]     [,2]
## [1,] -90.32494 38.76475
## [2,] -90.32499 38.76437
## [3,] -90.32500 38.76431
## [4,] -90.32500 38.76430
## [5,] -90.32502 38.76420
## [6,] -90.32505 38.76403
plot(stlco@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]]@coords)  ### graph coords of 1st polygon

head(stlco@data, n=10)   ### look at the first 10 rows of data
##   OBJECTID     MUNICIPALI MUNI MUNICODE    SQ_MILES
## 0        1       BERKELEY  BRK      007  4.96244058
## 1        2 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  2.14454346
## 2        3 CALVERTON PARK  CAL      012  0.41551487
## 3        4      HAZELWOOD  HAZ      080 16.58132350
## 4        5         FENTON  FEN      021  6.39126540
## 5        6         EUREKA  EUR      098 10.61113783
## 6        7 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.01190030
## 7        8     MANCHESTER  MAN      094  5.05194587
## 8        9 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00257117
## 9       10 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.29064989
##                 last_edite                               GlobalID
## 0 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {39136D96-064C-4835-A88E-CEC13721AA7D}
## 1 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {7DF0D7ED-3E1C-43B0-9F68-76A48D74F1CA}
## 2 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {736A980F-C155-455D-96B9-7FD9B4DF615E}
## 3 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {B69A901C-29C0-46AC-BB3A-162BF197D790}
## 4 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {BFCBF99C-FBB3-4020-B026-37788F9A3C51}
## 5 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {0E1952C6-DD29-4E5E-A34F-A7F7F2DFE042}
## 6 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {7E719A45-B726-49AF-87EA-2298C6650551}
## 7 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {0C8F2EED-43D3-4E1C-8451-01EB32CF36A4}
## 8 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {EEAD0830-27AB-4E1E-80FD-69CA61B7142C}
## 9 2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {411FAAAC-D959-4FB9-A7A9-BBA680392963}
mean(stlco@data$SQ_MILES)  ### compute the average area
## [1] 4.15746
names(stlco@data)
## [1] "OBJECTID"   "MUNICIPALI" "MUNI"       "MUNICODE"   "SQ_MILES"  
## [6] "last_edite" "GlobalID"
plot(stlco) ### plots the map of St. Louis County Municipal boundaries

# Is this projected?
stlco@proj4string
## CRS arguments:
##  +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0
proj4string(stlco)
## [1] "+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0"
# If YES, you may wish to store the projection for later operations.
stlcoCRS<-proj4string(stlco)

A little exploratory data analysis

# Named Municipalities
stlco@data[!stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]
##     OBJECTID              MUNICIPALI MUNI MUNICODE    SQ_MILES
## 0          1                BERKELEY  BRK      007  4.96244058
## 2          3          CALVERTON PARK  CAL      012  0.41551487
## 3          4               HAZELWOOD  HAZ      080 16.58132350
## 4          5                  FENTON  FEN      021  6.39126540
## 5          6                  EUREKA  EUR      098 10.61113783
## 7          8              MANCHESTER  MAN      094  5.05194587
## 10        11               BEL-RIDGE  BLR      005  0.77326350
## 12        13                 CLAYTON  CLY      014  2.50957127
## 13        14                ST. JOHN  STJ      051  1.42858470
## 15        16                 KINLOCH  KIN      074  0.73391852
## 16        17                GLENDALE  GLN      026  1.30133559
## 17        18               EDMUNDSON  EDM      073  0.27426663
## 19        20                 OAKLAND  OAK      041  0.59968812
## 20        21            SUNSET HILLS  SUN      101  9.04584206
## 21        22                 BEL-NOR  BLN      004  0.62799875
## 22        23          WEBSTER GROVES  WEB      064  5.90369884
## 23        24           NORWOOD COURT  NWC      077  0.12322321
## 24        25                NORMANDY  NOR      039  1.84493864
## 25        26            MOLINE ACRES  MOL      081  0.57058670
## 26        27      BRECKENRIDGE HILLS  BRH      084  0.79829633
## 27        28            WARSON WOODS  WAR      063  0.56398310
## 28        29                   LADUE  LAD      033  8.54510700
## 29        30         WOODSON TERRACE  WOD      067  0.77796253
## 30        31                 PACIFIC  PAC      044  0.60664742
## 32        33                   CHAMP  CMP      102  0.79849851
## 33        34               RIVERVIEW  RIV      089  0.83033680
## 35        36                DELLWOOD  DEL      095  1.03867972
## 36        37 BELLEFONTAINE NEIGHBORS  BFN      088  4.35441159
## 38        39              BLACK JACK  BKJ      103  2.61431547
## 39        40               GREENDALE  GRN      086  0.18683104
## 41        42             WILBUR PARK  WIL      065  0.05927348
## 43        44               MACKENZIE  MAC      034  0.02000011
## 44        45              WINCHESTER  WIN      066  0.25038523
## 45        46               ROCK HILL  RKH      050  1.09568024
## 47        48               MAPLEWOOD  MPL      035  1.56402614
## 48        49       CRYSTAL LAKE PARK  CLP      016  0.09487193
## 49        50               HUNTLEIGH  HUN      030  0.98690032
## 50        51      COUNTRY LIFE ACRES  CLA      079  0.12232057
## 51        52               BRENTWOOD  BRW      009  1.94662510
## 52        53        RICHMOND HEIGHTS  RMH      049  2.28854519
## 53        54               FRONTENAC  FRT      025  2.90266239
## 54        55                OLIVETTE  OLV      042  2.77122775
## 56        57          VINITA TERRACE  VIT      062  0.06364946
## 57        58                WELLSTON  WEL      078  0.92742713
## 58        59               HILLSDALE  HLD      068  0.34367881
## 59        60            HANLEY HILLS  HLH      076  0.34878777
## 60        61            UPLANDS PARK  UPL      056  0.06855475
## 61        62     VELDA VILLAGE HILLS  VEH      060  0.11961283
## 62        63             VINITA PARK  VIP      061  0.72404647
## 63        64           BEVERLY HILLS  BEV      008  0.09532134
## 64        65               PINE LAWN  PIN      048  0.61458900
## 67        68              VELDA CITY  VEL      059  0.16755216
## 72        73         BELLERIVE ACRES  BRV      003  0.34104089
## 77        78              GREEN PARK  GPK      106  1.30852088
## 78        79               LAKESHIRE  LAK      070  0.21771170
## 79        80             BELLA VILLA  BLV      002  0.12646229
## 80        81       GRANTWOOD VILLAGE  GWV      029  0.80898748
## 81        82               TWIN OAKS  TWO      055  0.27109417
## 85        86          GLEN ECHO PARK  GEP      027  0.03122508
## 88        89              NORTHWOODS  NTH      040  0.67333775
## 90        91          PASADENA HILLS  PAH      045  0.21138557
## 91        92           PASADENA PARK  PAP      046  0.09142287
## 94        95         UNIVERSITY CITY  UCT      057  5.89802311
## 95        96                PAGEDALE  PGD      085  1.21159061
## 96        97      COUNTRY CLUB HILLS  CCH      015  0.18662630
## 97        98            CHESTERFIELD  CHF      105 33.63169434
## 98        99          SYCAMORE HILLS  SYC      054  0.13158481
## 99       100                CHARLACK  CHA      013  0.26761734
## 100      101                OVERLAND  OVR      043  4.39103293
## 101      102             COOL VALLEY  COV      096  0.45755712
## 102      103                FERGUSON  FER      022  6.15977656
## 103      104          FLORDELL HILLS  FLH      023  0.12259412
## 104      105                JENNINGS  JEN      031  3.74531144
## 105      106                KIRKWOOD  KRW      032  9.17943048
## 106      107             MARLBOROUGH  MRB      037  0.23570180
## 107      108              SHREWSBURY  SHR      053  1.43406078
## 108      109         CLARKSON VALLEY  CLK      087  2.72882982
## 109      110               CRESTWOOD  CRE      069  3.57763326
## 110      111                 ST. ANN  STA      072  3.15564650
## 112      113               DES PERES  DES      017  4.33635907
## 114      115          TOWN & COUNTRY  TAC      083 11.54651725
## 115      116                WESTWOOD  WES      097  0.62589883
## 116      117             CREVE COEUR  CCR      082 10.27503344
## 117      118        MARYLAND HEIGHTS  MRH      104 23.53182062
## 118      119               BRIDGETON  BRG      010 15.15525216
## 119      120              ELLISVILLE  ELV      019  4.37323406
## 120      121                 BALLWIN  BAL      093  8.94001252
## 121      122                WILDWOOD  WWD      107 67.20598254
## 122      123              FLORISSANT  FLO      024 12.80797750
## 124      125             VALLEY PARK  VAL      058  4.24373456
##                   last_edite                               GlobalID
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## 62  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {38CD1445-BBE3-4C04-8BE6-947F1D73C0A8}
## 63  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {A742E564-315A-406B-9A9F-694E9AD72AFE}
## 64  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {D59AA3FA-7878-44AB-AFFD-CA3AF210C20F}
## 67  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {878B8CED-DFA5-4BDD-B326-11356DDF9E90}
## 72  2016-03-30T13:11:09.000Z {78E10F15-7675-4DF8-90AD-A288359D9B25}
## 77  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {742EE066-26AC-4284-AAF4-50D0327F6CA8}
## 78  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {4D93295B-2667-4791-8C7D-8DF7029FF5B2}
## 79  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {EA108CF1-BCCB-4DF7-A521-10EC74E4B999}
## 80  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {F5B75512-EC0A-499B-AE51-51669A95C69D}
## 81  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {D77176A2-F36D-4157-8397-D41F8D17EF37}
## 85  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {B461BD01-914D-46F2-B2C0-879891D9E99E}
## 88  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {B7D51D2E-FC09-49F5-8D3E-DED87448A78C}
## 90  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {C08AB9D1-3916-4000-B27B-EA77A9F1397A}
## 91  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {1E2E50D0-38ED-4E0B-BAC7-AB951C1CAB06}
## 94  2015-11-10T14:18:34.000Z {C8A3A814-C7EF-47FB-ADD0-FBEAD102DF39}
## 95  2015-11-10T14:18:52.000Z {1CA1A7C9-4F32-4FA4-AB4C-D7252BCA7177}
## 96  2015-11-18T17:58:47.000Z {9A8FF3BB-4B95-4C95-AE5F-CD4541070028}
## 97  2015-12-15T15:05:30.000Z {0F209BC7-389A-4E34-A024-A4C156735C6B}
## 98  2015-12-30T15:21:31.000Z {E110018E-7193-486D-A18C-4FAD8B2D999A}
## 99  2015-12-30T15:22:58.000Z {AEA33D04-E5B7-46D3-B81A-C1D4B936559D}
## 100 2015-12-30T15:23:13.000Z {5B59B7DD-E0A0-45F3-B7CE-0E64A7259444}
## 101 2015-12-30T19:08:34.000Z {F6547AB0-7D88-4A3A-8BB1-B600CA768DAF}
## 102 2015-12-30T19:09:14.000Z {BF00288A-B4E5-4CE6-97BC-A149A6BD692B}
## 103 2016-03-29T13:45:35.000Z {AE748ADC-5D6F-4F2D-98A3-C2A1639EC210}
## 104 2016-03-29T13:46:10.000Z {4E50B35A-54C8-4BC7-8E7E-EC3FA7040E84}
## 105 2016-03-30T16:38:03.000Z {CD7CBC2D-C400-41A4-AB38-FACDA2077C55}
## 106 2016-04-01T16:17:42.000Z {DE929B8B-A828-4D43-AD57-7ED76478B9E1}
## 107 2016-04-01T16:17:53.000Z {5CC2C674-1CA3-4C55-8833-455BBE91B6CD}
## 108 2016-04-13T20:00:06.000Z {A52DD4F9-7782-4265-ADE0-C2D740A641E4}
## 109 2016-06-02T12:42:30.000Z {88AC3195-A779-4EDB-AE9D-A2C289E94896}
## 110 2016-06-14T13:35:53.000Z {8B1A915B-B92B-4235-BAC6-F5D51C644F90}
## 112 2016-03-30T16:37:02.000Z {14E5BE39-F88C-42B3-A40D-E8FA1BA4517D}
## 114 2016-08-04T19:10:25.000Z {4148A53E-39DE-4A6D-9011-32F5AA88ACF7}
## 115 2016-08-04T19:13:30.000Z {3688214A-4ED6-4E3D-ABFC-19424C64AA06}
## 116 2016-08-04T19:51:26.000Z {E34A3DAB-4C80-4978-9758-43853D1FF224}
## 117 2016-08-11T16:03:47.000Z {97DABC56-DF82-437A-9C75-6039E8B5E2F4}
## 118 2016-08-11T16:04:02.000Z {C9549300-F00C-4356-960E-1977FB9F6943}
## 119 2016-09-28T17:04:18.000Z {365F8A9D-EDE6-4F6A-B354-416757CDA1A0}
## 120 2016-09-28T17:04:36.000Z {976F22E8-E9ED-4859-A66A-63CC7853FF55}
## 121 2016-10-26T14:20:29.000Z {B6F58D70-F575-42E8-B5E2-765E3D083C0F}
## 122 2017-03-02T19:29:25.000Z {C1B23B95-CFDE-4AE4-ADAB-1C2C307233F1}
## 124 2017-03-06T17:59:51.000Z {6BFD68C8-CDDF-4698-8240-E15D330FC172}
mean(stlco@data[!stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]$SQ_MILES)
## [1] 3.91199
summary(stlco@data[!stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]$SQ_MILES)
##    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
##  0.0200  0.2719  0.8789  3.9120  4.3130 67.2100
table(stlco@data[!stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]$SQ_MILES)
## 
##  0.02000011  0.03122508  0.05927348  0.06364946  0.06855475  0.09142287 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  0.09487193  0.09532134  0.11961283  0.12232057  0.12259412  0.12322321 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  0.12646229  0.13158481  0.16755216   0.1866263  0.18683104  0.21138557 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##   0.2177117   0.2357018  0.25038523  0.26761734  0.27109417  0.27426663 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  0.34104089  0.34367881  0.34878777  0.41551487  0.45755712   0.5639831 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##   0.5705867  0.59968812  0.60664742    0.614589  0.62589883  0.62799875 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  0.67333775  0.72404647  0.73391852   0.7732635  0.77796253  0.79829633 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  0.79849851  0.80898748   0.8303368  0.92742713  0.98690032  1.03867972 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  1.09568024  1.21159061  1.30133559  1.30852088   1.4285847  1.43406078 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  1.56402614  1.84493864   1.9466251  2.28854519  2.50957127  2.61431547 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  2.72882982  2.77122775  2.90266239   3.1556465  3.57763326  3.74531144 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  4.24373456  4.33635907  4.35441159  4.37323406  4.39103293  4.96244058 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  5.05194587  5.89802311  5.90369884  6.15977656   6.3912654    8.545107 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  8.94001252  9.04584206  9.17943048 10.27503344 10.61113783 11.54651725 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1 
##  12.8079775 15.15525216  16.5813235 23.53182062 33.63169434 67.20598254 
##           1           1           1           1           1           1
stlco@data[!stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI"&stlco@data$SQ_MILES>=50,]
##     OBJECTID MUNICIPALI MUNI MUNICODE SQ_MILES               last_edite
## 121      122   WILDWOOD  WWD      107 67.20598 2016-10-26T14:20:29.000Z
##                                   GlobalID
## 121 {B6F58D70-F575-42E8-B5E2-765E3D083C0F}
mean(stlco@data[!stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI"&stlco@data$SQ_MILES<50,]$SQ_MILES)
## [1] 3.200821
#Unincorporated
stlco@data[stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]
##     OBJECTID     MUNICIPALI MUNI MUNICODE    SQ_MILES
## 1          2 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  2.14454346
## 6          7 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.01190030
## 8          9 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00257117
## 9         10 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.29064989
## 11        12 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.16942913
## 14        15 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00048256
## 18        19 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.01942226
## 31        32 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  7.57627964
## 34        35 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00232265
## 37        38 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  2.35408766
## 40        41 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  1.64609768
## 42        43 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.02690897
## 46        47 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00589622
## 55        56 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.12030614
## 65        66 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.92742970
## 66        67 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.15428515
## 68        69 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00026321
## 69        70 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00047754
## 70        71 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.01007022
## 71        72 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00087053
## 73        74 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00638866
## 74        75 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00400754
## 75        76 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00663480
## 76        77 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00135399
## 82        83 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00173643
## 83        84 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00121602
## 84        85 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00475766
## 86        87 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.02893888
## 87        88 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00119324
## 89        90 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.00104069
## 92        93 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.01620425
## 93        94 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.02632731
## 111      112 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  7.66698069
## 113      114 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000  0.12734241
## 123      124 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000 55.28782437
## 125      126 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000 93.11464697
##                   last_edite                               GlobalID
## 1   2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {7DF0D7ED-3E1C-43B0-9F68-76A48D74F1CA}
## 6   2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {7E719A45-B726-49AF-87EA-2298C6650551}
## 8   2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {EEAD0830-27AB-4E1E-80FD-69CA61B7142C}
## 9   2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {411FAAAC-D959-4FB9-A7A9-BBA680392963}
## 11  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {CC833DA0-4490-46AD-8486-7A36008B6DE3}
## 14  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {D428A67D-C39F-442B-9163-93F963F86FB3}
## 18  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {B00A66C4-395D-434C-83AE-2AA2E4CF17AA}
## 31  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {7EA65964-4904-4549-8ABA-5F8FAFCDD8D1}
## 34  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {E0832C48-E7B1-4EBA-B3E6-F7C0E3CC7CBE}
## 37  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {412479C9-A625-4A61-823B-8EF69C61C93E}
## 40  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {ADE6EB6B-1AA9-4A83-A9CA-14B22B362456}
## 42  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {A1CB6FEC-878C-46C7-B370-6324DF692764}
## 46  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {963363A3-3C58-4272-9AA9-F2AF8C37A04D}
## 55  2015-08-06T01:27:52.000Z {1471A24D-54DC-4E09-BC1E-483F7266BA0C}
## 65  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {11046DD9-F714-47E2-980E-A78DD21446A7}
## 66  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {048E191C-37F2-499E-9959-F55987F1E60B}
## 68  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {61AC8ED8-300D-4215-A841-AD989B4B355A}
## 69  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {40FD8EF3-F0D4-4F08-A7AC-98BAE65DC8E0}
## 70  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {BC493083-55C8-4926-ACCF-4884452BEA43}
## 71  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {0CD7A2FA-44D9-4DDE-BB35-9976DB4B3E1C}
## 73  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {28A09463-9AD5-4348-83EB-B29B7D6DA66A}
## 74  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {C576FAE4-8783-4956-AFF6-1976DC50563F}
## 75  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {98695383-06A7-44ED-B28F-E7097B6C5001}
## 76  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {13439433-3876-4135-B0D1-13BC9FE68937}
## 82  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {8B9AA8E3-D041-41DC-8CB8-BE7A5343695B}
## 83  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {0E90CEBB-3641-45A2-86AA-06DDEC4463FA}
## 84  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {1B4BFEFD-A72D-475B-97AC-C33B65D60A7D}
## 86  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {522E9CA1-DE2C-41B0-B1C2-763DD2DBFFB5}
## 87  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {A7FAD8B0-D5AF-4611-AB71-FA7E8A8B46B8}
## 89  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {FD24B108-C229-4A14-BBA0-0D51F8EF113D}
## 92  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {7FDE214A-9BC1-4186-B843-3CA5D6837234}
## 93  2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {D1F3F237-7E94-4C2E-BD12-93D6130913C3}
## 111 2016-07-11T19:02:27.000Z {C775095D-D5F9-427F-AC37-A66E456FB75A}
## 113 2015-08-06T01:27:51.000Z {8BFDF727-2BF2-400B-9963-91FE86F626FD}
## 123 2017-03-02T19:28:35.000Z {F14958A5-6E76-4772-BD74-E5722B543D00}
## 125 2017-03-06T17:58:35.000Z {DFCA9BB6-EE1B-4B50-A98D-AE1D94497F2C}
mean(stlco@data[stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]$SQ_MILES)
## [1] 4.771136
summary(stlco@data[stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI",]$SQ_MILES)
##     Min.  1st Qu.   Median     Mean  3rd Qu.     Max. 
##  0.00026  0.00218  0.01405  4.77100  0.19970 93.11000
stlco@data[stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI"&stlco@data$SQ_MILES>=50,]
##     OBJECTID     MUNICIPALI MUNI MUNICODE SQ_MILES
## 123      124 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000 55.28782
## 125      126 UNINCORPORATED  UNI      000 93.11465
##                   last_edite                               GlobalID
## 123 2017-03-02T19:28:35.000Z {F14958A5-6E76-4772-BD74-E5722B543D00}
## 125 2017-03-06T17:58:35.000Z {DFCA9BB6-EE1B-4B50-A98D-AE1D94497F2C}
summary(stlco@data[stlco@data$MUNI=="UNI"&stlco@data$SQ_MILES<50,]$SQ_MILES)
##     Min.  1st Qu.   Median     Mean  3rd Qu.     Max. 
## 0.000263 0.001883 0.010990 0.687000 0.147500 7.667000
# Explore a specific Municipality
unique(stlco@data$MUNICIPALI)
##  [1] BERKELEY                UNINCORPORATED         
##  [3] CALVERTON PARK          HAZELWOOD              
##  [5] FENTON                  EUREKA                 
##  [7] MANCHESTER              BEL-RIDGE              
##  [9] CLAYTON                 ST. JOHN               
## [11] KINLOCH                 GLENDALE               
## [13] EDMUNDSON               OAKLAND                
## [15] SUNSET HILLS            BEL-NOR                
## [17] WEBSTER GROVES          NORWOOD COURT          
## [19] NORMANDY                MOLINE ACRES           
## [21] BRECKENRIDGE HILLS      WARSON WOODS           
## [23] LADUE                   WOODSON TERRACE        
## [25] PACIFIC                 CHAMP                  
## [27] RIVERVIEW               DELLWOOD               
## [29] BELLEFONTAINE NEIGHBORS BLACK JACK             
## [31] GREENDALE               WILBUR PARK            
## [33] MACKENZIE               WINCHESTER             
## [35] ROCK HILL               MAPLEWOOD              
## [37] CRYSTAL LAKE PARK       HUNTLEIGH              
## [39] COUNTRY LIFE ACRES      BRENTWOOD              
## [41] RICHMOND HEIGHTS        FRONTENAC              
## [43] OLIVETTE                VINITA TERRACE         
## [45] WELLSTON                HILLSDALE              
## [47] HANLEY HILLS            UPLANDS PARK           
## [49] VELDA VILLAGE HILLS     VINITA PARK            
## [51] BEVERLY HILLS           PINE LAWN              
## [53] VELDA CITY              BELLERIVE ACRES        
## [55] GREEN PARK              LAKESHIRE              
## [57] BELLA VILLA             GRANTWOOD VILLAGE      
## [59] TWIN OAKS               GLEN ECHO PARK         
## [61] NORTHWOODS              PASADENA HILLS         
## [63] PASADENA PARK           UNIVERSITY CITY        
## [65] PAGEDALE                COUNTRY CLUB HILLS     
## [67] CHESTERFIELD            SYCAMORE HILLS         
## [69] CHARLACK                OVERLAND               
## [71] COOL VALLEY             FERGUSON               
## [73] FLORDELL HILLS          JENNINGS               
## [75] KIRKWOOD                MARLBOROUGH            
## [77] SHREWSBURY              CLARKSON VALLEY        
## [79] CRESTWOOD               ST. ANN                
## [81] DES PERES               TOWN & COUNTRY         
## [83] WESTWOOD                CREVE COEUR            
## [85] MARYLAND HEIGHTS        BRIDGETON              
## [87] ELLISVILLE              BALLWIN                
## [89] WILDWOOD                FLORISSANT             
## [91] VALLEY PARK            
## 91 Levels: BALLWIN BEL-NOR BEL-RIDGE ... WOODSON TERRACE
stlco[stlco@data$MUNICIPALI=="FERGUSON",]
## An object of class "SpatialPolygonsDataFrame"
## Slot "data":
##     OBJECTID MUNICIPALI MUNI MUNICODE SQ_MILES               last_edite
## 102      103   FERGUSON  FER      022 6.159777 2015-12-30T19:09:14.000Z
##                                   GlobalID
## 102 {BF00288A-B4E5-4CE6-97BC-A149A6BD692B}
## 
## Slot "polygons":
## [[1]]
## An object of class "Polygons"
## Slot "Polygons":
## [[1]]
## An object of class "Polygon"
## Slot "labpt":
## [1] -90.29501  38.74890
## 
## Slot "area":
## [1] 0.00165345
## 
## Slot "hole":
## [1] FALSE
## 
## Slot "ringDir":
## [1] 1
## 
## Slot "coords":
##             [,1]     [,2]
##   [1,] -90.26053 38.77061
##   [2,] -90.26028 38.76928
##   [3,] -90.26024 38.76908
##   [4,] -90.26021 38.76891
##   [5,] -90.26019 38.76876
##   [6,] -90.26012 38.76838
##   [7,] -90.26005 38.76785
##   [8,] -90.25999 38.76750
##   [9,] -90.25992 38.76717
##  [10,] -90.25991 38.76713
##  [11,] -90.25977 38.76659
##  [12,] -90.25977 38.76657
##  [13,] -90.25975 38.76649
##  [14,] -90.25964 38.76598
##  [15,] -90.25963 38.76596
##  [16,] -90.25963 38.76595
##  [17,] -90.25961 38.76588
##  [18,] -90.25960 38.76584
##  [19,] -90.25933 38.76479
##  [20,] -90.25927 38.76458
##  [21,] -90.25925 38.76449
##  [22,] -90.25918 38.76421
##  [23,] -90.25912 38.76395
##  [24,] -90.25919 38.76395
##  [25,] -90.25932 38.76395
##  [26,] -90.25936 38.76395
##  [27,] -90.25955 38.76396
##  [28,] -90.25969 38.76396
##  [29,] -90.26004 38.76396
##  [30,] -90.26107 38.76398
##  [31,] -90.26157 38.76399
##  [32,] -90.26260 38.76400
##  [33,] -90.26273 38.76401
##  [34,] -90.26274 38.76401
##  [35,] -90.26308 38.76401
##  [36,] -90.26345 38.76402
##  [37,] -90.26376 38.76402
##  [38,] -90.26405 38.76403
##  [39,] -90.26441 38.76403
##  [40,] -90.26499 38.76404
##  [41,] -90.26557 38.76405
##  [42,] -90.26595 38.76406
##  [43,] -90.26644 38.76406
##  [44,] -90.26645 38.76407
##  [45,] -90.26804 38.76409
##  [46,] -90.26826 38.76409
##  [47,] -90.26849 38.76410
##  [48,] -90.26849 38.76410
##  [49,] -90.26870 38.76410
##  [50,] -90.26872 38.76410
##  [51,] -90.26872 38.76410
##  [52,] -90.26872 38.76411
##  [53,] -90.26871 38.76431
##  [54,] -90.26870 38.76447
##  [55,] -90.26869 38.76453
##  [56,] -90.26870 38.76462
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## [558,] -90.29429 38.73034
## [559,] -90.29430 38.73037
## [560,] -90.29438 38.73056
## [561,] -90.29438 38.73057
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## [563,] -90.29446 38.73071
## [564,] -90.29460 38.73097
## [565,] -90.29469 38.73113
## [566,] -90.29479 38.73131
## [567,] -90.29487 38.73147
## [568,] -90.29488 38.73148
## [569,] -90.29492 38.73155
## [570,] -90.29500 38.73169
## [571,] -90.29529 38.73164
## [572,] -90.29534 38.73164
## [573,] -90.29548 38.73161
## [574,] -90.29549 38.73161
## [575,] -90.29568 38.73156
## [576,] -90.29570 38.73156
## [577,] -90.29598 38.73149
## [578,] -90.29627 38.73142
## [579,] -90.29647 38.73137
## [580,] -90.29654 38.73135
## [581,] -90.29674 38.73131
## [582,] -90.29702 38.73124
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## [584,] -90.29703 38.73123
## [585,] -90.29719 38.73120
## [586,] -90.29720 38.73119
## [587,] -90.29726 38.73118
## [588,] -90.29755 38.73110
## [589,] -90.29780 38.73104
## [590,] -90.29790 38.73102
## [591,] -90.29807 38.73097
## [592,] -90.29809 38.73097
## [593,] -90.29811 38.73090
## [594,] -90.29812 38.73089
## [595,] -90.29820 38.73065
## [596,] -90.29826 38.73050
## [597,] -90.29830 38.73038
## [598,] -90.29837 38.73020
## [599,] -90.29853 38.72973
## [600,] -90.29854 38.72970
## [601,] -90.29858 38.72959
## [602,] -90.29859 38.72959
## [603,] -90.29863 38.72958
## [604,] -90.29906 38.72948
## [605,] -90.29925 38.72944
## [606,] -90.29939 38.72940
## [607,] -90.29956 38.72936
## [608,] -90.29959 38.72936
## [609,] -90.29971 38.72933
## [610,] -90.29976 38.72932
## [611,] -90.29976 38.72932
## [612,] -90.29984 38.72945
## [613,] -90.30103 38.72986
## [614,] -90.30115 38.72990
## [615,] -90.30119 38.72991
## [616,] -90.30122 38.72992
## [617,] -90.30166 38.73007
## [618,] -90.30185 38.73008
## [619,] -90.30191 38.73008
## [620,] -90.30194 38.73008
## [621,] -90.30194 38.73016
## [622,] -90.30193 38.73032
## [623,] -90.30193 38.73036
## [624,] -90.30194 38.73036
## [625,] -90.30256 38.73044
## [626,] -90.30303 38.73050
## [627,] -90.30304 38.73050
## [628,] -90.30369 38.73058
## [629,] -90.30382 38.73059
## [630,] -90.30402 38.73061
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## [632,] -90.30436 38.73065
## [633,] -90.30515 38.73073
## [634,] -90.30564 38.73079
## [635,] -90.30609 38.73083
## [636,] -90.30642 38.73087
## [637,] -90.30663 38.73089
## [638,] -90.30694 38.73093
## [639,] -90.30736 38.73097
## [640,] -90.30740 38.73098
## [641,] -90.30742 38.73098
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## [644,] -90.30747 38.73099
## [645,] -90.30751 38.73099
## [646,] -90.30818 38.73111
## [647,] -90.30847 38.73115
## [648,] -90.30893 38.73123
## [649,] -90.30932 38.73130
## [650,] -90.30969 38.73136
## [651,] -90.30976 38.73137
## [652,] -90.30977 38.73138
## [653,] -90.30977 38.73138
## [654,] -90.30978 38.73124
## [655,] -90.30978 38.73106
## [656,] -90.30978 38.73105
## [657,] -90.30978 38.73093
## [658,] -90.30978 38.73067
## [659,] -90.30978 38.73063
## [660,] -90.30979 38.73058
## [661,] -90.30979 38.73033
## [662,] -90.30979 38.73013
## [663,] -90.30980 38.72990
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## [665,] -90.30981 38.72927
## [666,] -90.30981 38.72913
## [667,] -90.30982 38.72899
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## [672,] -90.30984 38.72806
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## [674,] -90.30985 38.72777
## [675,] -90.30986 38.72759
## [676,] -90.30986 38.72759
## [677,] -90.30987 38.72735
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## [679,] -90.31025 38.72735
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## [683,] -90.31231 38.72736
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## [688,] -90.31875 38.72869
## [689,] -90.31875 38.72873
## [690,] -90.31884 38.72963
## [691,] -90.31888 38.72997
## [692,] -90.31888 38.72998
## [693,] -90.31888 38.72998
## [694,] -90.31888 38.72998
## [695,] -90.31899 38.73110
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## [697,] -90.31900 38.73125
## [698,] -90.31900 38.73125
## [699,] -90.31900 38.73128
## [700,] -90.31881 38.73134
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## [702,] -90.31828 38.73153
## [703,] -90.31829 38.73214
## [704,] -90.31829 38.73228
## [705,] -90.31830 38.73265
## [706,] -90.31830 38.73292
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## [708,] -90.31830 38.73308
## [709,] -90.31830 38.73320
## [710,] -90.31830 38.73328
## [711,] -90.31829 38.73382
## [712,] -90.31829 38.73388
## [713,] -90.31829 38.73394
## [714,] -90.31828 38.73425
## [715,] -90.31828 38.73434
## [716,] -90.31828 38.73463
## [717,] -90.31828 38.73471
## [718,] -90.31828 38.73472
## [719,] -90.31827 38.73506
## [720,] -90.31827 38.73507
## [721,] -90.31827 38.73507
## [722,] -90.31827 38.73547
## [723,] -90.31827 38.73548
## [724,] -90.31826 38.73571
## [725,] -90.31825 38.73647
## [726,] -90.31824 38.73704
## [727,] -90.31823 38.73775
## [728,] -90.31823 38.73777
## [729,] -90.31823 38.73796
## [730,] -90.31822 38.73864
## [731,] -90.31822 38.73872
## [732,] -90.31821 38.74060
## [733,] -90.31820 38.74161
## [734,] -90.31819 38.74220
## [735,] -90.31819 38.74221
## [736,] -90.31819 38.74222
## [737,] -90.31819 38.74222
## [738,] -90.31819 38.74249
## [739,] -90.31819 38.74249
## [740,] -90.31819 38.74342
## [741,] -90.31819 38.74411
## [742,] -90.31819 38.74417
## [743,] -90.31820 38.74421
## [744,] -90.31820 38.74424
## [745,] -90.31897 38.74426
## [746,] -90.31897 38.74471
## [747,] -90.31897 38.74574
## [748,] -90.31905 38.74574
## [749,] -90.31905 38.74574
## [750,] -90.31908 38.74574
## [751,] -90.31909 38.74574
## [752,] -90.31909 38.74574
## [753,] -90.31900 38.75192
## [754,] -90.31900 38.75193
## [755,] -90.31897 38.75388
## [756,] -90.31893 38.75616
## [757,] -90.31893 38.75619
## [758,] -90.31893 38.75663
## [759,] -90.31889 38.75948
## [760,] -90.31889 38.75982
## [761,] -90.31889 38.76025
## [762,] -90.31889 38.76041
## [763,] -90.31889 38.76046
## [764,] -90.31889 38.76058
## [765,] -90.31886 38.76186
## [766,] -90.31886 38.76205
## [767,] -90.31886 38.76219
## [768,] -90.31881 38.76218
## [769,] -90.31879 38.76218
## [770,] -90.31879 38.76218
## [771,] -90.31872 38.76216
## [772,] -90.31862 38.76214
## [773,] -90.31846 38.76210
## [774,] -90.31830 38.76206
## [775,] -90.31829 38.76206
## [776,] -90.31829 38.76206
## [777,] -90.31816 38.76203
## [778,] -90.31813 38.76203
## [779,] -90.31813 38.76202
## [780,] -90.31812 38.76202
## [781,] -90.31796 38.76199
## [782,] -90.31795 38.76198
## [783,] -90.31791 38.76197
## [784,] -90.31779 38.76195
## [785,] -90.31779 38.76195
## [786,] -90.31764 38.76191
## [787,] -90.31762 38.76191
## [788,] -90.31762 38.76191
## [789,] -90.31750 38.76188
## [790,] -90.31745 38.76187
## [791,] -90.31744 38.76187
## [792,] -90.31728 38.76183
## [793,] -90.31711 38.76179
## [794,] -90.31673 38.76170
## [795,] -90.31602 38.76154
## [796,] -90.31601 38.76154
## [797,] -90.31593 38.76152
## [798,] -90.31580 38.76149
## [799,] -90.31580 38.76149
## [800,] -90.31517 38.76135
## [801,] -90.31440 38.76117
## [802,] -90.31403 38.76109
## [803,] -90.31403 38.76109
## [804,] -90.31363 38.76100
## [805,] -90.31354 38.76098
## [806,] -90.31341 38.76095
## [807,] -90.31322 38.76090
## [808,] -90.31272 38.76079
## [809,] -90.31255 38.76075
## [810,] -90.31254 38.76074
## [811,] -90.31254 38.76074
## [812,] -90.31242 38.76072
## [813,] -90.31239 38.76071
## [814,] -90.31226 38.76068
## [815,] -90.31225 38.76068
## [816,] -90.31221 38.76067
## [817,] -90.31221 38.76067
## [818,] -90.31219 38.76066
## [819,] -90.31215 38.76065
## [820,] -90.31214 38.76065
## [821,] -90.31213 38.76065
## [822,] -90.31211 38.76064
## [823,] -90.31210 38.76064
## [824,] -90.31202 38.76062
## [825,] -90.31202 38.76062
## [826,] -90.31200 38.76062
## [827,] -90.31180 38.76057
## [828,] -90.31171 38.76055
## [829,] -90.31159 38.76052
## [830,] -90.31157 38.76052
## [831,] -90.31147 38.76057
## [832,] -90.31146 38.76057
## [833,] -90.31146 38.76057
## [834,] -90.31145 38.76058
## [835,] -90.31134 38.76064
## [836,] -90.31235 38.76187
## [837,] -90.31235 38.76187
## [838,] -90.31288 38.76251
## [839,] -90.31296 38.76260
## [840,] -90.31295 38.76260
## [841,] -90.31290 38.76260
## [842,] -90.31198 38.76249
## [843,] -90.31171 38.76246
## [844,] -90.31095 38.76238
## [845,] -90.31012 38.76229
## [846,] -90.31007 38.76229
## [847,] -90.30959 38.76224
## [848,] -90.30885 38.76216
## [849,] -90.30877 38.76215
## [850,] -90.30876 38.76215
## [851,] -90.30835 38.76211
## [852,] -90.30827 38.76210
## [853,] -90.30794 38.76207
## [854,] -90.30774 38.76205
## [855,] -90.30714 38.76199
## [856,] -90.30666 38.76194
## [857,] -90.30609 38.76188
## [858,] -90.30605 38.76188
## [859,] -90.30604 38.76188
## [860,] -90.30604 38.76188
## [861,] -90.30600 38.76187
## [862,] -90.30549 38.76182
## [863,] -90.30495 38.76176
## [864,] -90.30479 38.76174
## [865,] -90.30473 38.76173
## [866,] -90.30470 38.76173
## [867,] -90.30466 38.76173
## [868,] -90.30406 38.76168
## [869,] -90.30348 38.76163
## [870,] -90.30299 38.76159
## [871,] -90.30299 38.76160
## [872,] -90.30298 38.76164
## [873,] -90.30296 38.76177
## [874,] -90.30290 38.76213
## [875,] -90.30283 38.76252
## [876,] -90.30283 38.76252
## [877,] -90.30276 38.76290
## [878,] -90.30275 38.76294
## [879,] -90.30269 38.76328
## [880,] -90.30269 38.76329
## [881,] -90.30262 38.76368
## [882,] -90.30255 38.76407
## [883,] -90.30255 38.76408
## [884,] -90.30251 38.76432
## [885,] -90.30249 38.76446
## [886,] -90.30248 38.76451
## [887,] -90.30242 38.76486
## [888,] -90.30238 38.76511
## [889,] -90.30235 38.76525
## [890,] -90.30229 38.76564
## [891,] -90.30214 38.76654
## [892,] -90.30213 38.76654
## [893,] -90.30211 38.76655
## [894,] -90.30204 38.76659
## [895,] -90.30202 38.76659
## [896,] -90.30183 38.76669
## [897,] -90.30155 38.76682
## [898,] -90.30143 38.76688
## [899,] -90.30196 38.76746
## [900,] -90.30209 38.76761
## [901,] -90.30252 38.76807
## [902,] -90.30290 38.76849
## [903,] -90.30304 38.76864
## [904,] -90.30304 38.76864
## [905,] -90.30304 38.76865
## [906,] -90.30304 38.76865
## [907,] -90.30310 38.76871
## [908,] -90.30336 38.76899
## [909,] -90.30337 38.76901
## [910,] -90.30350 38.76915
## [911,] -90.30391 38.76960
## [912,] -90.30399 38.76969
## [913,] -90.30401 38.76972
## [914,] -90.30410 38.76981
## [915,] -90.30434 38.77008
## [916,] -90.30437 38.77012
## [917,] -90.30467 38.77046
## [918,] -90.30472 38.77052
## [919,] -90.30480 38.77048
## [920,] -90.30532 38.77019
## [921,] -90.30533 38.77019
## [922,] -90.30533 38.77019
## [923,] -90.30533 38.77018
## [924,] -90.30519 38.77003
## [925,] -90.30519 38.77002
## [926,] -90.30523 38.77000
## [927,] -90.30531 38.76996
## [928,] -90.30538 38.77005
## [929,] -90.30546 38.77014
## [930,] -90.30547 38.77016
## [931,] -90.30576 38.77050
## [932,] -90.30623 38.77104
## [933,] -90.30652 38.77138
## [934,] -90.30677 38.77168
## [935,] -90.30684 38.77176
## [936,] -90.30722 38.77220
## [937,] -90.30725 38.77224
## [938,] -90.30747 38.77250
## [939,] -90.30751 38.77254
## [940,] -90.30623 38.77242
## [941,] -90.30422 38.77221
## [942,] -90.30269 38.77205
## [943,] -90.30119 38.77189
## [944,] -90.30088 38.77186
## [945,] -90.30084 38.77186
## [946,] -90.30048 38.77182
## [947,] -90.29945 38.77172
## [948,] -90.29908 38.77169
## [949,] -90.29901 38.77169
## [950,] -90.29821 38.77162
## [951,] -90.29760 38.77158
## [952,] -90.29655 38.77151
## [953,] -90.29606 38.77148
## [954,] -90.29487 38.77142
## [955,] -90.29464 38.77142
## [956,] -90.29389 38.77139
## [957,] -90.29380 38.77139
## [958,] -90.29328 38.77137
## [959,] -90.29288 38.77136
## [960,] -90.29159 38.77133
## [961,] -90.28826 38.77125
## [962,] -90.28498 38.77117
## [963,] -90.28397 38.77115
## [964,] -90.28165 38.77110
## [965,] -90.27998 38.77106
## [966,] -90.27996 38.77106
## [967,] -90.27948 38.77105
## [968,] -90.27936 38.77104
## [969,] -90.27935 38.77104
## [970,] -90.27925 38.77104
## [971,] -90.27839 38.77102
## [972,] -90.27713 38.77099
## [973,] -90.27523 38.77095
## [974,] -90.27474 38.77094
## [975,] -90.27193 38.77090
## [976,] -90.27140 38.77090
## [977,] -90.27039 38.77088
## [978,] -90.26946 38.77087
## [979,] -90.26941 38.77087
## [980,] -90.26877 38.77087
## [981,] -90.26803 38.77086
## [982,] -90.26711 38.77085
## [983,] -90.26688 38.77084
## [984,] -90.26608 38.77083
## [985,] -90.26565 38.77083
## [986,] -90.26512 38.77082
## [987,] -90.26230 38.77078
## [988,] -90.26058 38.77076
## [989,] -90.26058 38.77076
## [990,] -90.26056 38.77076
## [991,] -90.26056 38.77076
## [992,] -90.26054 38.77066
## [993,] -90.26053 38.77061
## 
## 
## 
## Slot "plotOrder":
## [1] 1
## 
## Slot "labpt":
## [1] -90.29501  38.74890
## 
## Slot "ID":
## [1] "102"
## 
## Slot "area":
## [1] 0.00165345
## 
## 
## 
## Slot "plotOrder":
## [1] 1
## 
## Slot "bbox":
##         min       max
## x -90.31909 -90.25912
## y  38.72506  38.77254
## 
## Slot "proj4string":
## CRS arguments:
##  +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0
plot(stlco)
plot(stlco[stlco@data$MUNICIPALI=="FERGUSON",], col="green", add = TRUE)

Compute centroid of municipality

The centroid or center of mass is one way to represent the “middle” of a given polygon.

fergcent<-gCentroid(stlco[stlco@data$MUNICIPALI=="FERGUSON",])
fergcent
## SpatialPoints:
##           x       y
## 1 -90.29501 38.7489
## Coordinate Reference System (CRS) arguments: +proj=longlat
## +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0
plot(stlco)
plot(stlco[stlco@data$MUNICIPALI=="FERGUSON",], col="green", add = TRUE)
plot(fergcent,add = T,col="red")

Compute a buffer

A buffer is a region that extends a spatial object outward by a given distance. A buffer around a point is a circle centered at that point. A buffer of a street centerline is a strip of land that could include the shoulder, the median, and sidewalk running parallel to the road. A buffer of a state could include all regions within 10 miles of that state’s border.

We note here that the data from St. Louis County was delivered in geographic coordinates, not projected coordinates. This means that we have latitude and longitude data that is inherently 3D. We will need to project this in order to compute a buffer. We will first try to only project the centroid, compute the buffer relative to it, and continue from there.

ferg_cent_MOstplE<-spTransform(fergcent, CRS("+proj=tmerc +lat_0=35.83333333333334 +lon_0=-90.5 +k=0.999933333 +x_0=250000 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs"))


ferg_buffer <- gBuffer(spgeom = ferg_cent_MOstplE, width = 4828) # 3 mi ~ 4828 m
ferg_buffer
## An object of class "SpatialPolygons"
## Slot "polygons":
## [[1]]
## An object of class "Polygons"
## Slot "Polygons":
## [[1]]
## An object of class "Polygon"
## Slot "labpt":
## [1] 267818.9 323577.2
## 
## Slot "area":
## [1] 72030576
## 
## Slot "hole":
## [1] FALSE
## 
## Slot "ringDir":
## [1] 1
## 
## Slot "coords":
##              x        y
##  [1,] 272646.9 323577.2
##  [2,] 272410.6 322085.3
##  [3,] 271724.9 320739.4
##  [4,] 270656.7 319671.3
##  [5,] 269310.9 318985.5
##  [6,] 267818.9 318749.2
##  [7,] 266327.0 318985.5
##  [8,] 264981.1 319671.3
##  [9,] 263913.0 320739.4
## [10,] 263227.2 322085.3
## [11,] 262990.9 323577.2
## [12,] 263227.2 325069.2
## [13,] 263913.0 326415.1
## [14,] 264981.1 327483.2
## [15,] 266327.0 328168.9
## [16,] 267818.9 328405.2
## [17,] 269310.9 328168.9
## [18,] 270656.7 327483.2
## [19,] 271724.9 326415.1
## [20,] 272410.6 325069.2
## [21,] 272646.9 323577.2
## 
## 
## 
## Slot "plotOrder":
## [1] 1
## 
## Slot "labpt":
## [1] 267818.9 323577.2
## 
## Slot "ID":
## [1] "buffer"
## 
## Slot "area":
## [1] 72030576
## 
## 
## 
## Slot "plotOrder":
## [1] 1
## 
## Slot "bbox":
##        min      max
## x 262990.9 272646.9
## y 318749.2 328405.2
## 
## Slot "proj4string":
## CRS arguments:
##  +proj=tmerc +lat_0=35.83333333333334 +lon_0=-90.5 +k=0.999933333
## +x_0=250000 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs
ferg_buffer_geog_coords<- spTransform(ferg_buffer, CRSobj = stlcoCRS)
plot(stlco)
plot(stlco[stlco@data$MUNICIPALI=="FERGUSON",], col="green", add = TRUE)
plot(fergcent,add = T,col="red")
plot(ferg_buffer_geog_coords, add = T, border="blue")

Subsetting by a buffer

Computing a buffer allows you to easily subset the spatial objects within that buffer. (But you need the CRS to be the same.)

ferg_3mi <- stlco[ferg_buffer_geog_coords,] 
plot(stlco)
plot(ferg_3mi, col = "lightblue", add = T)
plot(ferg_buffer_geog_coords, add = T, border="blue", lwd = 3)
plot(stlco[stlco@data$MUNICIPALI=="FERGUSON",], col="green", add = TRUE)
plot(fergcent,add = T,col="red")

Add in basemap with Leaflet

Now that St. Louis County Data is natively in geographic coordinates (lat/lon pairs), we can easily display it with Leaflet.

leaflet(stlco) %>% addTiles() %>% addPolygons() 

Other resources and data sources

CRAN Task View Spatial

A description of many useful packages is available in the Spatial Task View on CRAN: https://CRAN.R-project.org/view=Spatial.

Robin Lovelace et. al. - tutorial on visualizing spatial data in R

PDF available at: http://spatial.ly/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/intro-spatial-rl-3.pdf.

City of St. Louis data

Shapefiles from the city of St. Louis may be downloaded here: http://data.stlouis-mo.gov/downloads.cfm.

Mapping National Parks

You can obtain a shapefile of National Park Boundaries from https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2224545?lnv=True.